Animal studies, for both hemorrhagic shock and TBI, show promising effects of DDFPe as a resuscitation fluid.

US Army experiments concluding that DDFPe is a better resuscitation fluid then Hextend.

DDFPe treated rats see 100% survival at hemoglobin levels lower than what is fatal in 100% of controls.

Pigs given 50% blood loss see 20% survival in controls (n=5) and 100% survival in those given DDFPe (n=5).

Air breathing pigs are given severe bleeding and either placebo or DDFPe. 0% of placebo animals survive. 100% of DDFPe animals survive.

US Army Studies concluding that DDFPe holds promise in combat casualty care, even when oxygen is not readily available.